ABSTRACT. According to Pea, a cognitive technology is any medium that helps transcend the limitations of the mind in thinking, learning, and problem-solving activities. Stephan et al. hold that functional specialization assumes a local specialization for certain aspects of information processing. Tall writes that in geometry objects in the external world are first seen as gestalts, then they are observed to have certain characteristics that can be verbalized, related, and later used as definitions of idealized concepts which may be used for formal deduction.