ABSTRACT. Enhancement of human cognitive and epistemic performance can take a wide variety of forms. This paper considers some ethical and policy issues related to cognitive enhancement, focusing in particular on issues arising from the prospect of effective biomedical enhancers. Several specific recommendations are made. These illustrate the opportunity and need for “smart policy”: the integration into public policy of a broad-spectrum of approaches aimed at protecting and enhancing cognitive capacities and epistemic performance of individuals and institutions. (pp. 68–84)