ABSTRACT. Considerable research attention has focused on the meaning and interpretation of corruption, citizens’ actual experience with corruption, individual-level determinants of perceptual corruption, and powerful predictors of the perception of corruption. The aim of the present study is to examine and evaluate the linkage between perceptions of civic corruption and the experience of street-level corruption, the discrepancy between corruption experiences and perceptions, the individual-level relationship between corruption perceptions and experience, and the problematic nature of corruption. pp. 136–141
JEL Classification: D73, O11, O16

Keywords: perceptual corruption, experience, development, transparency, economy