ABSTRACT. Scholarly research reveals strong correlations between the need for institutional and policy adaptation for effective and efficient ocean governance, the ecosystem-based approach in ocean governance, the changing ocean and coastal governance approach, and the quality of the environment of the oceans. This paper seeks to fill a gap in the current literature by examining the emergence of new maritime law, the process of apportioning rights in the oceans, the relationship between a strong navy and the maintenance of global power, and the agreements and structures for governance of the world’s oceans. pp. 101–106

Keywords: ocean governance, freedom of navigation, the international law of the sea