ABSTRACT. The present study systematically reviews the existing research on cloud and edge computing technologies, urban big data analytics, immersive visualization systems, virtual simulation and spatial data modeling tools, and deep and machine learning algorithms. Throughout January 2025, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “interoperable extended reality and Internet of Things-based smart city environments” + “sustainable urban computing and immersive 3D visualization systems,” “geospatial mapping and digital twin simulation technologies,” and “sensor data processing and situational awareness algorithms.” As research published between 2022 and 2024 was inspected, only 168 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 26 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: Litstream, METAGEAR package for R, MMAT, PICO Portal, Rayyan, and SluRp.

Keywords: sustainable urban computing; immersive 3D visualization; geospatial mapping; digital twin simulation; sensor data processing; smart city

How to cite: Abdullah, F., Manole, C., Stamule, S., Nicolae, I., and Pațurcă, R. N. (2025). “Sustainable Urban Computing and Immersive 3D Visualization Systems, Geospatial Mapping and Digital Twin Simulation Technologies, and Sensor Data Processing and Situational Awareness Algorithms in Interoperable Extended Reality and Internet of Things-based Smart City Environments,” Geopolitics, History, and International Relations 17(1): 78–93. doi: 10.22381/GHIR17120255.

Received 5 February 2025 • Received in revised form 21 June 2025
Accepted 23 June 2025 • Available online 30 June 2025